为什么说物联网是各行各业的智能化？
物联网是在计算机互联网的基础上，利用RFID、无线数据通信等技术，构造一个覆盖世界上万事万物的“Internet
of
Things”。在这个网络中，物品(商品)能够彼此进行“交流”，而无需人的干预。其实质是利用射频自动识别(RFID)技术，通过计算机互联网实现物品(商品)的自动识别和信息的互联与共享。
而RFID，正是能够让物品“开口说话”的一种技术。在“物联网”的构想中，RFID标签中存储着规范而具有互用性的信息，通过无线数据通信网络把它们自动采集到中央信息系统，实现物品(商品)的识别，进而通过开放性的计算机网络实现信息交换和共享，实现对物品的“透明”管理。物联网的含义
从两化融合这个角度分析物联网的涵义：
其一：工业化的基础是自动化，自动化领域发展了近百年,理论、实践都已经非常完善了。特别是随着现代大型工业生产自动化的不断兴起和过程控制要求的日益复杂营运而生的DCS控制系统，更是计算机技术，系统控制技术、网络通讯技术和多媒体技术结合的产物。DCS的理念是分散控制，集中管理。虽然自动设备全部联网，并能在控制中心监控
信息而通过操作员来集中管理。但操作员的水平决定了整个系统的优化程度。有经验的操作员可以使生产最优，而缺乏经验的操作员只是保证了生产的安全性。是否有办法做到分散控制，集中优化管理？需要通过物联网根据所有监控信息，通过分析与优化技术，找到最优的控制方法，是物联网可以带给DCS控制系统的。
其二：IT信息发展的前期其信息服务对象主要是人，其主要解决的问题是解决信息孤岛问题。当为人服务的信息孤岛问题解决后，是要在更大范围解决信息孤岛问题。就是要将物与人的信息打通。人获取了信息之后，可以根据信息判断,做出决策，从而触发下一步操作；但由于人存在个体差异，对于同样的信息，不同的人做出的决策是不同的，如何从信息中获得最优的决策？另外物获得了信息是不能做出决策的
，如何让物在获得了信息之后具有决策能力？智能分析与优化技术是解决这个问题的一个手段，在获得信息后，依据历史经验以及理论模型，快速做出最优决策。数据的分析与优化技术在两化融合的工业化与信息化方面都有旺盛的需求。
物联网智库认为物联网的定义源于IBM的智慧地球方案，十二五规划中九大试点行业全部都是行业的智能化。无论智慧方案，还是智能行业，智能的根本离不开数据分析与优化技术。数据的分析与优化是物联网的关键技术之一，也是未来物联网发挥价值的关键点。
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