苹果、谷歌等科技巨头被调查,日本在“害怕”什么?
据日本NHK报道,在美国大型IT企业实力增强的情况下,日本公平贸易委员会自1月23日起开始对美国四大科技巨头的行为展开调查,以检验他们是否存在不当行为。
有观点认为,此次调查意味着日本当局开始担心谷歌、苹果、脸书和亚马逊(统称为GAFA)正在囤积海量数据,从而占取市场上的绝对主导地位。
1月23日,日本公平交易委员会设立了一个网站,用于收集交易方企业和消费者是否接受了不正当对待的举报。报道指出,除了GAFA之外,乐天、雅虎等日本IT企业也将接受调查。
图片来自CNSPHOTO
值得注意的是,此次的展开调查早有预兆。早在此前的1月21日,日本沟通小组就表示,日本应考虑采取法律措施,要求苹果、脸书、谷歌等海外科技巨头遵守国内内部的规定。
据了解,该专家小组周一在一份草案中公布了这一草案,该草案列出了将国内隐私保护规则应用于全球信息及技术巨头的相关问题。呼吁研究如何对全球科技企业实施相关规定,包括要求它们在日本派驻代理商,同时还要与日本本土公司一样遵守的现有法规。
该委员会将在6月之前完成草案的定稿,并将其提交给信息和通信部信息通信委员会下属的一个特别委员会,目的是在2020财年修订《电信企业法》。根据这项法律,未经用户同意,国内公司不得查看或泄露电子邮件和其他通信内容。
但在日本以外拥有关键服务器电脑、数据中心和其他设施的跨国公司不在该规定的覆盖范围之内。因此人们担心,这些公司在利用个人定位信息、购物和其他数据拓展业务时缺乏透明度。
而在去年日本也展开了广泛规模的问卷调查,日本经济产业省对与GAFA进行交易的2000家企业进行了问卷调查。其结果显示,选择“交涉困难”和“由于对方单方面地变更规章而受到了不公平待遇”的回答高达8成。此外,由于社交媒体上泄露的大量的个人数据,对于IT企业对数据处理的担忧也在增加。
实际上,最近许多国家都倾向于对跨国科技公司实行与本国相同的合规管控,只是形式不一。去年底,奥地利宣布,他们或将对苹果等公司征收技术税。此举遵循法国和德国的脚步,在国家层面采取行动,而不是等欧盟的统一协议。
{"weixin":{"label":"微信","name":"weixin","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"1","shareid":"weixin","sharetitle":"分享到微信","event":"shareToWeiXin","lang":"shareWeb_WeiXin"},"copy":{"label":"复制网址","name":"copy","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"2","shareid":"copy","sharetitle":"复制网址","event":"copy_url","lang":"shareWeb_Copy"},"qq":{"label":"QQ好友","name":"qq","selected":true,"value":false,"sortid":"1","shareid":"qq","sharetitle":"分享到QQ","event":"shareToQQ","lang":"shareWeb_QQ"},"sina_weibo":{"label":"新浪微博","name":"sina_weibo","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"4","shareid":"sina_weibo","sharetitle":"分享到新浪微博","event":"shareToSinaWB","lang":"shareWeb_SinaWeiBo"},"qq_zone":{"label":"QQ空间","name":"qq_zone","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"5","shareid":"qq_zone","sharetitle":"分享到QQ空间","event":"shareToQzone","lang":"shareWeb_QQZone"},"renren":{"label":"人人网","name":"renren","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"7","shareid":"renren","sharetitle":"分享到人人网","event":"shareToRenren","lang":"shareWeb_RenRen"},"douban":{"label":"豆瓣网","name":"douban","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"8","shareid":"douban","sharetitle":"分享到豆瓣网","event":"shareToDouban","lang":"shareWeb_DouBan"},"baidu_tieba":{"label":"百度贴吧","name":"baidu_tieba","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"10","shareid":"baidu_tieba","sharetitle":"分享到百度贴吧","event":"shareToTieba","lang":"shareWeb_TieBa"},"Facebook":{"label":"Facebook","name":"Facebook","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"11","shareid":"Facebook","sharetitle":"分享到FaceBook","event":"shareToFacebook","lang":"shareWeb_Facebook"},"Twitter":{"label":"Twitter","name":"Twitter","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"12","shareid":"Twitter","sharetitle":"分享到Twitter","event":"shareToTwitter","lang":"shareWeb_Twitter"},"LinkedIn":{"label":"LinkedIn","name":"LinkedIn","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"13","shareid":"LinkedIn","sharetitle":"分享到linkedIn","event":"shareToLinkedin","lang":"shareWeb_Linkedin"},"whatsapp":{"label":"whatsapp","name":"whatsapp","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"15","shareid":"whatsapp","sharetitle":"分享到whatsapp","event":"shareToWhatsapp","lang":"shareWeb_whatsapp"},"line":{"label":"line","name":"line","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"15","shareid":"line","sharetitle":"分享到line","event":"shareToLine","lang":"shareWeb_line"},"qq_weibo":{"label":"腾讯微博","name":"qq_weibo","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"3","shareid":"qq_weibo","sharetitle":"分享到腾讯微博","event":"shareToQQwb","lang":"shareWeb_QQWeiBo"},"peopleBlog":{"label":"人民微博","name":"propleBlog","selected":true,"value":true,"sortid":"14","shareid":"propleBlog","sharetitle":"分享到人民微博","event":"shareToPeopleBlog","lang":"shareWeb_peopleBlog"}}