互联网基础知识:了解网络基础知识名词解释
C/S架构软件:C/S 结构,即大家熟知的客户机和服务器结构。它是软件系统体系结构,通过它可以充分利用两端硬件环境的优势,将任务合理分配到Client端和Server端来实现,降低了系统的通讯开销。
B/S架构软件:B/S是基于特定通信协议(HTTP)的C/S架构,也就是说B/S包含在C/S中,是特殊的C/S架构。
计算机网络按规模可以分为局域网、城域网、广域网。
局域网(Local Area Network,LAN):是指在某一区域内由多台计算机互联成的计算机组局域网严格意义上是封闭型的。它可以由办公室内几台甚至上千上万台计算机组成。决定局域网的主要技术要素为:网络拓扑,传输介质与介质访问控制方法。
城域网(Metropolitan Area Network):是在一个城市范围内所建立的计算机通信网,简称MAN。
广域网:是由许多交换机组成的,交换机之间采用点到点线路连接,几乎所有的点到点通信方式都可以用来建立广域网,包括租用线路、光纤、微波、卫星信道。而广域网交换机实际上就是一台计算机,有处理器和输入/输出设备进行数据包的收发处理。
光纤宽带和ADSL接入方式的区别就是:ADSL是电信号传播,光纤宽带是光信号传播。
端口映射:是NAT的一种,功能是把在公网的地址转翻译成私有地址。将外网主机的IP地址的一个端口映射到内网中一台机器,提供相应的服务。当用户访问该IP的这个端口时,服务器自动将请求映射到对应局域网内部的机器上。
管理软件的三层架构:包括数据访问层、业务逻辑层和表示层。
VPN:是指虚拟专用网络,VPN属于远程访问技术,简单地说就是利用公用网络架设专用网络。例如某公司员工出差到外地,他想访问企业内网的服务器资源,这种访问就属于远程访问。
DNS(Domain
Name
System,域名系统):因特网上作为域名和IP地址相互映射的一个分布式数据库,能够使用户更方便的访问互联网,而不用去记住能够被机器直接读取的IP数串。通过主机名,最终得到该主机名对应的IP地址的过程叫做域名解析(或主机名解析)。
DDNS(Dynamic
Domain Name
Server):是动态域名服务的缩写!DDNS是将用户的动态IP地址映射到一个固定的域名解析服务上,用户每次连接网络的时候客户端程序就会通过信息传递把该主机的动态IP地址传送给位于服务商主机上的服务器程序,服务项目器程序负责提供DNS服务并实现动态域名解析。
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