电商网站架构探索——SOA分布式架构详解
目前很多的企业都有自己的电商网站，但随着业务量的增长，并发量高了。由于平台架构的一些不足，会导致一系列严重的问题，电子商务平台的安全性，承受能力也经受着严峻的考验，而市面上绝大多数的电商网站是业务驱动型而不是技术驱动型的公司，技术是可以直接驱动业务的，但是本身电商网站的技术支持不到业务体量的增长带来的高并发量，网站是会随时垮掉的！对于一个电商网站而言，捕获战略和梳理业务最有效的措施就是架构，在这群雄逐鹿的赛道上，电商企业该如何选择架构出高并发、分布式的电商网站架构？
电商网站项目的特点非常鲜明：高并发、集群、负载均衡、系统安全、海量数据、高可用、分布式。可是每一个特点一旦没有完善到位很可能就会变成痛点！没有妥善解决，加之不断叠加，只会给系统形成很大的压力，而SOA分布式架构刚好能解决这些问题。
什么是SOA？
SOA分解出来S是服务，O是面向，A是架构。也就是把工程拆分成服务层、表现层两个工程。服务层中包含业务逻辑，只需要对外提供服务即可。表现层只需要处理和页面的交互，业务逻辑都是调用服务层的服务来实现。
SOA的优点是什么？
1、松耦合（解耦）：实现负载自适应机制，松耦合架构分配并行工作任务，避免超载现象
2、良好的可伸缩性：SOA具有可按模块分阶段进行实施的优势。靠业务服务设计、开发和部署等所采用的架构模型实现伸缩性。可以自由地进行调整，满足服务的需求。
3、便于维护：SOA基础上的系统，当需求发生变化时，只需要调整服务流程或者修改操作即可，.便于测试，能并行开发，整个电商系统也更容易被维护。
4、自由结合：SOA可以通过互联网服务器发布，从而突破企业内网的限制，实现与供应链上下游伙伴业务的结合。
SOA是架构，更是方法，其存在的核心逻辑复用、独立测试部署、水平扩展、系统运营都是电商网站迫切需要的。
如何开发SOA？
Dubbo是简单有效的SOA架构，随着互联网的发展，网站应用的规模不断扩大，分布式服务架构以及流动计算架构势在必行，亟需一个治理系统确保架构有条不紊的演进。而Dubbo透明化的远程方法调用，就像调用本地方法一样调用远程方法，只需简单配置，没有任何API侵入；软负载均衡及容错机制，可在内网替代F5等硬件负载均衡器，降低成本，减少单点；服务自动注册与发现，注册中心基于接口名查询服务提供者的IP地址，并且能够平滑添加或删除服务提供者。
（Dubbo分布式服务架构）
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