有一个神奇的数字，似乎揭示了多维宇宙的秘密，它就是0.0072973
首先，问大家一个问题，你是否还记得圆周率π，能记得小数点后多少位呢？相信你已经在默3.1415926...，那么万有引力常数，光速呢？中学课本告诉我们，这个世界有很多个常数，每个常数后面都代表着一个规则，我们地球和宇宙就是因无数这样的规则所决定，按照这些规律存在和演化。试想，如果我们找到了宇宙中最重要最基本的常数，并且发现它并不是万古不变的，连常数都会变，那么这是否证明世界上还有其他宇宙？
这不难理解，就和国王本来呼风唤雨，但是到了其他地方，国王说的话不算数了。决定宇宙结构、生命形式的最重要常数一旦发生改变，即印证多维宇宙的存在，每个宇宙都有这样的不同常数，使得它们不再特殊，如同不同国家有不同国王一样。
当然首先得找到这样的常数。上世纪量子电动力学的发展过程中，物理学家们便发现了这样极其重要的常数，即精细结构常数0.0072973，大约为1/137，它决定了光和物质相互作用力强弱。后来人们发现这个数字愈发神秘，它可能是一个永恒不变的数字，它似乎蕴含了宇宙万物的终极答案。
它决定了恒星如何燃烧，原子能否存在，化学反应如何进行，生命如何存在如何进化等最基本又最玄奥的现象。这种原本决定宇宙万物进程的神秘数字理所当然的被认为是恒定的，但一旦发现它有细微变化，是否就说明多维宇宙的存在？
看过《生活大爆炸》的小伙伴们，应该都被谢耳朵整天挂在嘴边的弦理论洗脑了。它是有望成为下一个物理理论的有力争夺者之一，虽然目前遇到了很大的瓶颈和质疑。弦理论揭示存在这样的卷曲维度，影响精细结构常数的数值，也就是说弦理论认为宇宙是多维的，这个常数不是恒定的。每个纬度的常数不过是更高纬度的真正恒定常数在不同宇宙的投影而已。
而经得起实验证明的理论才是真理，要想证明这个常数有变化，那必须拿出数据。很明显，已经有物理学家在找数据了，他们就是澳大利亚的物理学家韦伯及其团队。韦伯在这方面花了几十年，他曾用夏威夷山顶的凯克望远镜观测到了大爆炸后一些恒星爆发时的光线穿过特定气体云波长的变化，目前韦伯已经有23个光谱数据，证明120亿到60亿年前，精细结构常数确实发生了细微变化，大约增加了百万分之六。
但是这些数据受到了一些人的质疑，认为由于机器误差造成了这些数据偏移。因此韦伯准备采用新的更精细准确的望远镜进行观测，此望远镜大约在2019年即可建成，到时咱们拭目以待了。
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